Leaks
Sooner or later almost every boat owner will find a puddle of water inside where it doesn't belong. Unfortunately, the puddle and the leak are usually in different locations.
In this conversation “Leaks and Your Wet Yacht”, Leif Erickson discusses:
- Sources of leaks
- Windows and leaks
- Wood trim and leaks
- Manufacturing processes that can result in leaks
- Finding leaks
Sources
Most often the culprits for leaks are windows, vents, hatches, chain-lockers, and port-lights. Sliding windows when left unchecked will allow water to seep in over time. They need to be checked regularly, especially during the wetter months. The seals wear down and need to be replaced ideally before they become a problem. Make sure that the window drains are clear. Another important place to look is along the window sills.
Dorade Boxes and Vents
A dorade box is often used to provide a weather tight deck vent. The box covers a vent that enters the boat. The dorade boxes and the vents inside need to be inspected often. Note that the caulking will eventually come apart and/or disappear.
Wood Trim
Wood trim and additions often cause leaks. The caulking can deteriorate and water will seep into the interior of the boat wreaking havoc to the walls and upholstery. The first victim is the headliner. Additions can often be installed with inadequate bedding or sealing. If you have made any revisions to your yacht, or if you bought her used, inquire about these types of things. Go through all of the documentation of your yacht’s history with a fine-tooth comb.
Manufacturing Processes
Fiberglass boats are done in parts and pieced together with caulking. Over time, the caulking will dissolve, so get to know how all of the parts of the boat fit together. Go deep into the vessel and feel around. Teak decks will also leak with the passage of time and need to be properly maintained.
Locating Leaks
Leaks are sneaky. Although you may notice a leak, in all likelihood, the source of the leak and where it exits are not the same. Water can come in somewhere on the deck, flow inside the deck for quite a distance, then drip into the cabin. Re-creating a leak is nearly impossible. We've seen leaks in chain lockers where the drains were plugged up, so the water would run down the stringers and show up in the engine room. We've seen leaks where a hole was drilled in the transom to install a zinc; the fitting wasn't (David, clarify) properly bedded and the water showed up under the engine bedlogs. Through-hulls can cause seawater leaks, but most rainwater leaks are caused by inadequate maintenance.
Preventing Leaks
The best way to prevent leaks is to wash your boat regularly. Get down below and inspect thoroughly. Check to see if the caulking needs to be re-bedded and if it does, fix it immediately. Often boat owners just don’t see the leaks. Take the time to have assistance with inspection. Ultimately though, if you don’t want your boat to leak, don’t have a boat.